On January 1, Year 1, Twain Corp. sold $500,000 of its own 7 percent, 10-year bonds. Interest is payable annually on December 31. The bonds were sold to yield an effective interest rate of 8 percent. Twain uses the effective interest rate method. The bonds sold for $477,422.

Required
a. Determine the cash proceeds received and the discount on bonds payable.
b. Calculate interest expense and bond discount amortization for Year 1 and Year 2. (Assume effective interest amortization.)
c. Calculate interest expense and bond discount amortization for December 31, Year 1. (Assume straight-line amortization.)
d. Calculate the amount of interest expense for Year 2. (Assume effective interest amortization.)
e. Calculate the amount of interest expense for Year 2. (Assume straight-line amortization.)