Literature reviewed in Anthony and Schwartz,

“What the Best Transformational Leaders Do,” p. 2;

Joyce E. Bono and Timothy A. Judge, “Personality and Transformational and Transactional Leadership: A Meta-Analysis,” Journal of Applied Psychology, October 2004, pp. 901–910; Taly Dvir, Dov Eden, Bruce J. Avolio, and Boas Shamir, “Impact of Transformational Leadership on Follower Development and Performance: A Field Experiment,”

Academy of Management Journal, August 2002, pp. 735–744; Bass, The Bass Handbook of Leadership, pp. 633–636.