1.1. Consider the following examples of investigation. For each one, indicate which mode of investigation it most closely represents—empirical, theoretical, or historical.

a. A biologist tries to determine the number of different species of plants found on a plot of rainforest

b. Albert Einstein develops his theory of relativity

c. An economist measures how GDP varies across countries

d. A sociologist examines the impact of movements for equal pay for women on women’s social and economic status

e. An economist states that a rise in investment will lead to a fall in unemployment