Benland pic manufacture and fit a variety of children’s playground equipment. The company at present purchases the rubber particles used in the playground surfacing from an outside supplier, but is considering investing in equipment which would process and shred used vehicle tyres to produce equivalent rubber particles. One tonne of purchased particles is saved per tonne of tyres processed.

Disposal of used tyres is becoming an environmental problem, and Benland believes that it could charge £40 per tonne to garages/tyre distributors wishing to dispose of their old tyres. This price would be 20 per cent lower than the cost of the landfill sites currently being used, and so Benland believes that it would face no risk or shortage of supply of what would be a key raw material for the business. The price charged by Benland for tyre disposal (£40 per tonne) remains fixed for the next five years.

The cost to Benland of purchased particles is £3-50 per tonne for each of the next five years, and the price has been contractually guaranteed. If the contract is terminated within the next two years, Benland will be charged an immediate termination penalty of £100,000 which will not be allowed as a tax deductible expense. The machine required to process the tyres will cost £1-06 million, and it is estimated that at the end of year five the machine will have a second-hand value of £120,000 before selling costs of £5,000 Sales of the playground surfacing which uses rubber particles are forecast to be £1 -2 million in year one, rising by 10% per year until year five but priees will remain constant.
The new equipment will result in Benland incurring additional maintenance costs of £43,000 per year. 80,000 tonnes of tyres need to be processed in order to meet the raw material requirement for the forecast sales in year one.
Processing costs are estimated at £37 per tonne (excluding additional depreciation and maintenance).
Benland is subject to corporation tax at a rate of 33%, payable one year in arrears. Capital expenditure is eligible for 25% allowances on a reducing balance basis, and sales proceeds of assets are subject to tax.
Benland has sufficient profits to fully utilise all available capital allowances Required:

(a) Using 12% as the after-tax discount rate, advise Benland on the desirability ofpurchasing the tyre processing equipment. (12 marks)

(b) Discuss which cash flows are most important in determining the outcome of the proposed investment and how Benland might seek to minimise the risk of large changes in predicted cash flows.