11. The ultimate burden of the corporate tax appears to depend on several factors. One generally accepted study shows hat the owners of corporations, proprietorships, and partnerships all bear the burden of the corporate tax in rough proportion to profits, even though it is directly levied only on corporations, that wage effects are small, and that excise effects are roughly neutral. However, there is still much debate about whom the corporate tax “hurts.” The burden of the corporate tax is progressive because profits and capital income make up a much bigger part of the incomes of the high-income households.