Predict the effects of the following mutations on the ability of a cell to undergo apoptosis:

a. Mutation in Bad such that it cannot be phosphorylated by protein kinase B (PKB)

b. Over expression of Bcl-2

c. Mutation in Bax such that it cannot form homodimers One common characteristic of cancer cells is a loss of function in the apoptotic pathway. Which of the mutations listed above might you expect to find in some cancer cells?