Tuff Wheels was getting ready to start its development project for a new product to be added to its small motorized vehicle line for children. The new product is called the Kiddy Dozer. It will look like a miniature bulldozer, complete with caterpillar tracks and a blade. Tuff Wheels has forecasted the demand and the cost to develop and produce the new Kiddy Dozer. The table below contains the relevant information for this project.

Development Cost $1,000,000 Estimated Development Time 9 months Pilot Testing $200,000 Ramp-up Cost $400,000 Marketing and Support Cost $150,000 per year Sales and Production Volume 60,000 per year Unit Production Cost $100 Unit Price $170 Interest Rate 8 Tuff Wheels also has provided the project plan shown below. As can be seen in the project plan, the company thinks that the product life will be three years until a new product must be created.
Project Schedule Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Kiddy Dozer q1 q2 q3 q4 q1 q2 q3 q4 q1 q2 q3 q4 q1 q2 q3 q4 Development Pilot Testing Ramp-up Marketing and Support Production and Sales

a. What are the yearly cash l ows and their present value (discounted at 8 percent) of this project? What is the net present value?

b. What is the impact on NPV for the Kiddy Dozer if the actual unit sales are 50,000 per year or 70,000 per year?

c. What is the effect caused by changing the discount rate to 9, 10, or 11 percent? LO.1