For the 1M/M/c2:1GD//2 model, Morse (1958, p. 103) shows that as rc S 1, Lq =

r c - r Noting that rc S 1 means that the servers are extremely busy, use this information to show that the ratio of the average waiting time in queue in the 1M/M/c2:1GD//2 model to that in the 1M/M/12:1GD//2 model approaches 1c as rc S 1. Thus, for c = 2, the average waiting time can be reduced by 50%. The conclusion from this exercise is that it is always advisable to pool services regardless of how “overloaded”

the servers may be.