A fast ball thrown with a velocity of 40 m/s (approximately 90 MPH) is struck by a baseball bat, and a line drive comes back toward the pitcher with a velocity of 60 m/s. The ball is in contact with the bat for a time of just 0.04 s. The baseball has a mass of 120 g (0.120 kg).
a. What is the change in momentum of the baseball during this process?
b. Is the change in momentum greater than the final momentum? Explain.
c. What is the magnitude of the impulse required to produce this change in momentum?
d. What is the magnitude of the average force that acts on the baseball to produce this impulse?