Suppose that a beaker of water contains 1 kg (1000 g) of water. Heat is added to the water to raise its temperature from 0°C to 100°C.
a. How much heat energy in joules must be added to the water to raise its temperature? (c_w = 1 cal/g·C° and 1 cal = 4.186 J.)
b. By how much does the mass of the water increase in this process? (E₀ = mc²)
c. Compare this mass increase to the original mass of the water. Would this increase in mass be measurable?
d. If it were somehow possible to convert the original mass of the water into kinetic energy, how many joules of kinetic energy could be produced?