Alto Corporation sold two capital assets this year. The first sale resulted in a $13,000 capital gain, and the second sale resulted in a $41,000 capital loss. Alto was incorporated five years ago. Four years ago, Alto recognized $5,000 of net capital gain. Three years ago, Alto recognized $10,000 of net capital gain. Two years ago and last year, Alto recognized no net capital gains.

a. Using a 21 percent tax rate, compute Alto’s tax refund from the carry back of its current year capital loss.

b. Compute Alto’s capital loss carryforward into next year.