3. Where does Hard Rock fit in the four international operations strategies outlined in Figure 2.9? Explain your answer Hard Rock brings the concept of the “experience economy” to its cafe operation. The strategy incorporates a unique “experience”

into its operations. This innovation is somewhat akin to mass customization in manufacturing. At Hard Rock, the experience concept is to provide not only a custom meal from the menu but a dining event that includes a unique visual and sound experience not duplicated anywhere else in the world. This strategy is succeeding. Other theme restaurants have come and gone while Hard Rock continues to grow. As Professor C. Markides of the London Business School says, “The trick is not to play the game better than the competition, but to develop and play an altogether different game.”* At Hard Rock, the different game is the experience game.

From the opening of its first cafe in London in 1971, during the British rock music explosion, Hard Rock has been serving food and rock music with equal enthusiasm. Hard Rock Cafe has 108 U.S. locations, over a dozen in Europe and the remainder scattered throughout the world, from Bangkok and Beijing to Beirut. New construction, leases, and investment in remodeling are long term; so a global strategy means special consideration of political risk, currency risk, and social norms in a context of a brand fit. Although Hard Rock is one of the most recognized brands in the world, this does not mean its cafe is a natural everywhere.

Special consideration must be given to the supply chain for the restaurant and its accompanying retail store. About 48%

of a typical cafe’s sales are from merchandise.