Little Karla is with her mother at the docks waiting for her daddy to return from his naval deployment. While the boat is still a way out, her mother says, “There is daddy’s boat.” Karla is confused. She cannot understand how her dad can be on a boat that is so small that she can hold up her thumb and cover the entire boat. It’s safe to assume that Karla does not yet understand

a. size constancy.

b. shape constancy.

c. brightness constancy.

d. color constancy.