Which of the following is an example of the use of extinction with operant conditioning?

a. A mother ignores her child’s temper tantrum so that the behavior ultimately goes away.

b. A mother gives in to her child’s demands for candy by buying the child some chocolate so as to quiet him or her.

c. A mother spanks a child when he or she starts throwing a tantrum.

d. A mother gives a child chocolate prior to him or her asking for it so as to keep a tantrum from occurring in the first place.