1. The core enzyme associated with DNA in the figure above is _____.

A. Helicase

D. Topoisomerase

B. DNA polymerase

E. The replisome.

C. RNA polymerase

2. Which of the following processes is central to the initiation of transcription?

A. binding of sigma to the promoter region

B. formation of a phosphodiester bond in the elongating RNA strand

C. binding of DNA polymerase to the promoter region

D. formation of a DNA primer

E. binding of mRNA to the ribosome

3. Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is true?

A. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.

B. Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.

C. RNA splicing can be catalyzed by tRNA.

D. A primary transcript is often much shorter than the final RNA molecule that leaves the nucleus.

E. final processing of mRNA in bacteria takes place in the cytoplasm

4. Which of the following accurately compare(s) and contrast(s) transcription and translation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A) Mature mRNAs in eukaryotes have a cap and a tail; whereas the mRNA from prokaryotes do not because prokaryotes have non-coding regions of DNA called introns.

B) In eukaryotes, there are three forms of RNA polymerase found and no sigma factor is involved in the initiation phase of transcription, whereas in prokaryotes there is only one form of RNA polymerase, and sigma factor IS involved in the initiation phase of transcription.

C) Transcription and translation BOTH occur in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes, whereas in eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus, and both RNA processing and translation occur in the cytoplasm.

D) All of the above (select answer ‘D’ if A-C are all correct).

E) B & C (select answer ‘E’ if only B and C are correct).

5. Transcription of a gene is initiated at a site on the DNA called ______, and ends at a site on the DNA known as _______.

A) A promotor, a transcription termination signal

B) The start codon, the stop codon

C) A promoter, a transcript signal

D) A basal transcription factor, the hairpin factor

E) The start codon, the hairpin factor