A proficiency examination was given to 100 students. The breakdown of the exam results among male and female students is shown in the following table.

Which of the following statements is correct about the two variables: gender and exam result (pass or fail)?

They are independent because there is equal number of males and females among students who passed.

? They are not independent because the percentage of males among students who failed is not the same as the percentage of females among students who failed.

They are not independent because the number of males among students who passed is not the same as the number of males among students who failed.

They are not independent because the percentage of males among students who passed is not the same as the percentage of males among students who failed.

Pass Fail Total Male 30 25 55 Female 30 15 45 Total 60 40 100