1. (3 points + 1 bonus point) Consider the following tabulation of (fictitious) average earnings for native- born Canadians and three cohorts of immigrants observed in years 1995, 2000, 2010, and 2015. Immigrant cohorts are divided based on their year of immigration to Canada (e.g., "IM85* cohort consists of immigrants who came to Canada in year 1985). Observation year 1995 2000 2010 2015 Native-born $47,000 $49,000 $54,000 $57,000 Immigrants, 1985 (IM85) $42.000 $46,000 $50,000 $56,500 Immigrants, 1990 (1M90) $37,000 $42.000 $47,000 $50,000 Immigrants, 1995 (IM95) $32,000 $39,000 $43,000 $48,500 a) (1 point) Fill in the following table. Note that for each observation year, 'YSM' refers to the year since immigration. Calculate the earnings ratio as the average earnings of the given immigrant cohort over the average earnings of the native-born cohort in the given observation year. Note: It is unnecessary to explain how you derived your numerical values. Observation year 1995 2000 2010 2015 YSM Earnings YSM Earnings YSM Earnings YSM Earnings Ratio Ratio Ratio Ratio Immigrants, 1985 (IM85) Immigrants, 1990 (IM90) Immigrants, 1995 (IM95)