$1)$ A corporation has taxable income of $$500,000.$

What$$s the corporate income tax liability for $2021?$

$2)$ A corporation has taxable income of $$500,000$ before considering life insurance proceeds of $$35,000,$ fines of $$30,000,$ E&P depreciation of $$200,000$ which is more than $$100,000$ taxable income depreciation, a federal tax refund of $$20,000,$ $$20,000$ employee expenses, The company has federal income tax liability of $$180,000$ What are the firm$$s earnings and profits?

$3)$ A calendar year corporation has current earnings and profits of $$150,000$ and $$200,000$ in accumulated earnings and profits. The corporation distributes $$450,000$ to its sole shareholder.

How much dividend income does the shareholder recognize?

$4)$ Ten individuals each own $1,000$ of $10,000$ shares of stock outstanding.

One of the individuals wants cash to buy a new car and convinces all of the shareholders to consent to a redemption of $100$ shares of stock each. The corporation will repurchase the $1000$ total shares of stock using funds it has on hand.

What is the proper tax treatment of this share redemption, from the point of view of the individuals?