1. A manufacturer of backpacks plans to introduce a new line. Equipment and production costs will be incurred immediately and will total $7,272,727. The company expects to earn a profit of $20 per backpack, and sales are estimated to be 100,000 in the first year (assume that the cash flow comes in at the end of the year). Sales are then expected to grow by 10% per year in each of the next three years (in year 2, year 3, and year 4) but the price is expected to remain at $20 throughout. What is the internal rate of return of this project?

Should the company produce the backpacks if the required rate of return is 12%?

2.A clothing manufacturer anticipates that the market for a certain popular T-shirt will continue to be strong for a few years. The manufacturer, accordingly, is considering the purchase of equipment that would generate a cash flow of $100,000 in 1 year and will continue to generate this same cash flow for the next two consecutive years (for a total of three years). The project's initial investment is estimated to be $253,129.47. What is the project's IRR?

3.A clothing manufacturer anticipates that the market for a certain popular T-shirt will continue to be strong for a few years. The manufacturer, accordingly, is considering the purchase of equipment that would generate a cash flow of $100,000 in 1 year and will continue to generate this same cash flow for the next two consecutive years (for a total of three years). The project's initial investment is estimated to be $253,129.47. What is the project's IRR?

4.A cookie company wants to expand its retail operations. Based on a preliminary study, 10 stores are feasible in various parts of the country. The cash flow at each store is expected to be $160 per year for five consecutive years. Each store requires an immediate investment of $550 to set up operations. Assuming a required rate of return 8%, what is the NPV of each store?