1. All of the following are potential ways to reduce dissonance EXCEPT:

a. add a third cognition that makes the original cognitions seem less inconsistent

b. trivialize the inconsistent cognitions

c. change one of the inconsistent cognitions

2. Some research suggests that people who experience trauma:

a. lose their sense of self esteem

b. sometimes report experiencing personal growth

c. always suffer predominantly negative consequences

d. shift their focus to entirely extrinsic sources of self esteem

d. reflect deeply on the inconsistency between the two cognitions