1. An expert persuasive tactic in communication is to sprinkle a speech with emotion-provokingand therefore inspiringwords. Emotion-provoking words bring forth images of exciting events. Using such language makes people stop talking, turn toward the speaker, and listen. A chief executive officer is said to be delivering an emotion-provoking speech if he ________ .

a. uses phrases such as "outclass the competition" and "capturing customer loyalty"

b. extensively uses technical jargon to confuse the group

c. delivers a lengthy talk with no concrete conclusion

d. emphasizes indirect talk and apologizes repeatedly

2. An important persuasive tactic to be used for written communication is writing front-loaded messages. A message is said to be front-loaded when key ideas are placed in the beginning of the message. Front-loaded messages are particularly important for leaders because ________ .

a. technical terminologies are extensively used

b. the passive voice is used to compose the message

c. people expect leaders to be powerful communicators

d. the message is extensively backed by data

3. In communication, making one's point quickly would give power and authority to the message sender. A leader can be a highly effective communicator if he or she ________ .

a. frequently qualifies his statements with disclaimers

b. has clarified the idea in his mind and knows what he wants to communicate

C. uses vocal pauses to extend the length of his speech

D. emphasizes indirect talk and apologizes repeatedly