1. Aplysiasea slugs are used in memory research because they:

have so few neurons that they are easy to study.

learn so much more effectively than other animals.

reproduce rapidly and so offspring can be studied.

cannot learn through classical conditioning.

2. Unable to form or hold new memories following a brain surgery, a patient would be described as suffering from _____ amnesia.

anterograde

retroactive

retrograde

psychogenic

3. The amygdala is connected to _____ memory formation, whereas the hippocampus is connected to _____ memory formation.

working; emotional

implicit; explicit

explicit; implicit

long-term; sensory

4. Clarice presses the Ctrl and S keys on her keyboard to save a document. A file is then created on her computer's hard drive. Clarice's action of saving a document is similar to the memory activity of:

interference.

storage.

retrieval.

encoding.

5. Which stage in the information-processing model of memory comes FIRST?

short-term memory

long-term memory

sensory memory

echoic memory

6. Not being able to remember anything before the age of 3 years is evidence of:

anterograde amnesia.

infantile amnesia.

cerebellum misfunctioning.

retrograde amnesia.

7. Which statement accurately captures the relationship among the types of long-term memory?

Explicit memory and semantic memory are both types of episodic memory.

Explicit memory and semantic memory are both types of procedural memory.

Episodic memory and semantic memory are both components of explicit memory.

Episodic memory and semantic memory are both components of procedural memory.

8. What is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a single or repeated blow to the head?

early-onset Alzheimer's disease

chronic bipolar disease

early-onset Parkinson's disease

chronic traumatic encephalopathy

9. Markie Pasternak can remember every day of her life in astounding detail beginning at age 11. Markie Pasternak:

forms flashbulb memories of these events.

has a photographic memory.

has a highly superior autobiographical memory (HSAM).

does not suffer from memory distortion.

10. The American Psychological Association argues that most children who have been sexually abused:

have some memory of the abuse that occurred to them.

don't remember any details of the abuse they experienced.

have many more false memories than real memories.

have accurate memories when recovered through hypnosis.

11. To memorize all the colors of the rainbow, Monika uses the acronym ROY G BIV, which is a(n) _____ device.

device.

elaborative

mnemonic

rehearsal

eidetic

12. Mickey is watching a television show and he knows that he knows who the actor is, but he can't quite come up with the name. Mickey is experiencing:

proactive interference.

retrograde amnesia.

the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.

memory decay.

13. Dr. Alvarez is preparing for a presentation he is going to give on working memory. What would be a good way to represent the components of working memory on a slide?

"Chunking and maintenance rehearsal: the two components of working memory"

"Visuospatial sketchpad and episodic buffer: the two components of the central executive"

"The four components of working memory: visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer, phonological loop, central executive"

"The three components of the phonological loop: visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer, and central executive"

14. Cassandra is studying for her biology test. She has 8 hours before the test and spends the entire 8 hours studying. She used _____ practice.

massed

elaborative

distributed

maintenance

15. Research suggests that there are advantages to forgetting, such as: increasing your ability to store more recent memories.

preventing memory decay and the formation of false memories.

allowing you to focus on items that need your attention.

consolidating memories you already formed.

16. The part of working memory known as the _____ directs attention, makes plans, and coordinates our activities.

iconic memory

central executive

episodic buffer

visuospatial sketchpad

17. In a classic study by Godden and Baddeley (1975), participants learned lists of words under two conditions: while underwater (using scuba gear) and on dry land. Subjects performed better when they:

learned the list on dry ground and were tested underwater.

learned the list underwater and were tested on dry ground.

learned the list underwater and were tested underwater.

used mnemonic techniques to prepare for the location where they were being tested.

18. Mei is born and raised in Shanghai. Sandy is born and raised in Salt Lake City. Research suggests:

Mei's memories are more likely than Sandy's to be focused on other people.

Sandy's memories are less likely than Mei's to center on personal emotions.

Sandy's memories are more likely than Mei's to be focused on other people.

Mei's memories are less likely than Sandy's to be focused on historical events.

19. Adjoa is taking a Spanish final at the end of the semester. The problem is that the French vocabulary she learned last semester keeps causing her to forget Spanish words this semester. Adjoa is experiencing _____ interference.

retroactive

retrograde

proactive

anterograde

20. As Trey learned how to ride a bicycle, his _____ contributed to the formation of his memory.

hypothalamus

corpus callosum

auditory cortex

cerebellum