1. As of June 30, 2016 the XYZ Manufacturing account has paid losses of $500 and a currently open case reserve of $1000. There were no open case reserves when the year started. What are calendar year 2016 incurred losses?

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2. ABC Insurance has paid losses of $50M during calendar year 2016 and case reserves at the end of the year totaling $60M. Management estimates ultimate losses on these open reserves will be $200M. What are bulk loss reserves at the end of the year?

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3. An account has premium of $500 and incurred losses of $350. What is the loss ratio for the account?