1. Briefly discuss the pros and cons of Greece leaving the euro and adopting its own currency. 2. Briefly explain the two main problems in a monetary union a fiscal union helps resolve. 3. The Taylor rule for setting optimal interest rates is given by: rt = r +p* + (pt p *) + x t where r* is the desired nominal interest rate, r is the natural real interest rate, p* is the inflation target and xt is the output gap (difference between current and capacity output). (a) Explain what the constraints on the a parameter should be. (5 marks) (b) Explain what should be the sign of [coefficient and why. (5 marks) (c) How would the equation be different for the European Central Bank (ECB) and the US Federal Reserve (Fed). (5 marks) (d) How would the equation change if the inflation target is increased, i.e. central banks announce they are willing to accept more inflation before they react with monetary policy? (5 marks)