The health of the macro environment can be a very useful indicator of the future potential of an industry. Electric vehicles are gaining popularity and market share globally. Governments offer subsidies and rebates to promote electric vehicles. The largest tech giants such as Apple and Amazon started to invest in their own electric vehicle projects. At the same time, car manufacturers face a global semiconductor shortage during the pandemic. Electric car manufacturers need to understand the changing environment as it helps them in management in future planning and decision making. Using PESTEL analysis, examine the business environment of Tesla, one of the leading electronic car companies. Identify the factors affecting this company in this scenario and draw appropriate conclusions for its operations. 

       

1. (Cost of debt) Belton is issuing a $1,000 par value bond that pays 7 percent annual interest and matures in 15 years. Investors are willing to pay $958 for the bond. Flotation costs will be 11 percent of market value. The company is in an 18 percent tax bracket. What will be the firm's after-tax cost of debt on the bond? 2. (Cost of preferred stock) The preferred stock of Julian Industries sells for $36 and pays $3.00 in dividends. The net price of the security after issuance costs is $32.50. What is the cost of capital for the preferred stock? 3. (Cost of debt) The Zephyr Corporation is contemplating a new investment to be financed 33 percent from debt. The firm could sell new $1,000 par value bonds at a net price of $945. The coupon interest rate is 12 percent, and the bonds would mature in 15 years. If the company is in a 34 percent tax bracket, what is the after-tax cost of capital to Zephyr for bonds? 4. (Cost of preferred stock) Your firm is planning to issue preferred stock. The stock sells for $115; however, if new stock is issued, the company would receive only $98. The par value of the stock is $100, and the dividend rate is 14 percent. What is the cost of capital for the stock to your firm? 5. (Cost of internal equity) Pathos Co.'s common stock is currently selling for $23.80. Dividends paid last year were $0.70. Flotation costs on issuing stock will be 10 percent of market price. The dividends and earnings per share are projected to have an annual growth rate of 15 percent. What is the cost of internal common equity for Pathos? 6. (Cost of equity) The common stock for the Bestsold Corporation sells for $58. If a new issue is sold, the flotation costs are estimated to be 8 percent. The company pays 50 percent of its earnings in dividends, and a $4 dividend was recently paid. Earnings per share 5 years ago were $5. Earnings are expected to continue to grow at the same annual rate in the future as during the past 5 years. The firm's marginal tax rate is 34 percent. Calculate the cost of (a) internal common equity and (b) external com- mon equity. 7. (Cost of debt) Sincere Stationery Corporation needs to raise $500,000 to improve its manufac- turing plant. It has decided to issue a $1,000 par value bond with a 14 percent annual coupon rate and a 10-year maturity. The investors require a 9 percent rate of return. a. Compute the market value of the bonds. b. What will the net price be if flotation costs are 10.5 percent of the market price? c. How many bonds will the firm have to issue to receive the needed funds? d. What is the firm's after-tax cost of debt if its average tax rate is 25 percent and its marginal tax rate is 34 percent? (Cost of debt) 8. a. Rework Problem 7 as follows: Assume an 8 percent coupon rate. What effect does changing the coupon rate have on the firm's after-tax cost of capital? b. Why is there a change?