1. Describe some of Galileo's contributions to physics and astronomy and why they led to "problems" with the Catholic Church. and some of the consequences of the law.

2. Describe how and why the tides on Earth due to the Moon are affecting the orbit of the Moon and the rotation of the Earth.

3. Describe the Doppler Effect and give at least two ways that it can affect the

spectrum of a star.

4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a planetary mission that is a

lander versus one that is a fly-by.

5. Briefly describe the nebular model for the formation of the solar system.

6. Describe the general topography of Mars and some of the largest features found on the surface of Mars. Discuss the tectonics that lead to the creation of the major surface features.

7. Describe the greenhouse effect, its cause and possible consequences on Earth,

Venus and Mars.

8. Uranus and Neptune are often referred to as siblings or cousins. Briefly describe the similarities and differences between these two planets.

9. The rings of Saturn are

a)

solid disks rotating around the planet.

b)

composed of dust sized to car sized chunks of ice.

c)

a thin layer of gas orbiting the planet.

d)

several hundred kilometers thick even at their thinnest.