1. Determine the following probabilities/odds.

a) Rolling an even number on a standard die is ____________. b) Not picking a queen from a standard deck of cards is _____________. c) Rolling a 4 on a standard die knowing that you rolled an odd number is __________. d) The odds in favour of picking a diamond card () from a standard deck of cards are ______________.

2. Given P(A) = 0.45; P(B) = 0.60; P(C) = 0.32 and P(AB) = 0.15, calculate:

a) P(C) b) P(AB) c) Odds against A.

3. A letter is picked from the following list: A, A, A, A, B, D, D, G, G, G, G, G, H. Calculate the following:

a) P(B) b) P(G) c) P(AD)

4. Define the terms experimental probability and theoretical probability and explain how they are both connected. 5. Four friends are trying to predict which centrepiece is going to be on the tables at Prom. They have concluded that, based on what is trendy and affordable, the probability of seeing fake tea lights is 0.45, the probability of seeing fresh flowers is 0.15 and the probability of seeing a string of LED lights is 0.40. Calculate: a) the probability that they will see a tea lights or LED lights on the table. 2 marks

b) the probability that they will see all 3 decorations. 2 marks

c) the odds against seeing fresh flowers and LED lights. 3 marks

6. Students are playing a game using a standard deck of cards. Calculate the following probabilities. a) A student picking one card that is a queen knowing that there are no black cards in the deck. 2 marks

b) A student picks a heart () card or a face card. 3 marks

c) A student picking a 4-card hand which contains at least one face. 2 marks

7. In York Region, the probability of an overnight frost in May is 0.65. The probability of a snow fall is 0.42. This information is critical for gardeners as these weather events can kill crops. Calculate the probability that neither of them will occur this May.

8. As an effort to reduce food waste, Yue has been buying "surprise bags" of baked goods from the local bakery that are sold at a great discount price. Yue, having taken MDM4U before, has calculated that the probability of a new "surprise bag" customer getting a bag containing a doughnut (their favorite) is 45%. The probability that the next bag they buy contains a doughnut when the previous bag contained one is 25%. The probability that the next bag they buy contains a doughnut when the previous bag did not contain one is 80%. Calculate the probability that a new "surprise bag" customer will get exactly 2 doughnuts from purchasing 3 bags (1 bag per week). Include a complete tree diagram in your answer for full marks.

9. A bag contains 25 Lindt truffles. Some are white chocolate and some are milk chocolate, and some are dark chocolate. The probability of picking a white chocolate truffle is 20%, and the probability of picking a milk chocolate truffle is 3/5. How many dark chocolate truffles are in the bag?