1. Discuss the problems and ambiguities involved in achieving the goals of the organization." How important are different kinds of goals in actually determining organization success or failure? 2. Compare and contrast the different kinds of goals that can exist within an organization. How is each type likely to affect organizational behavior? 3. What are the major considerations involved in decision making? How are they interrelated? 4. How should a decision-maker choose the appropriate basis for decision making (substantive, political, or organizational)? Can any general guidelines be suggested? What factors enter into this kind of decision? Discuss. 5. Under what kinds of pressures are decision-makers forced to operate? What, if anything, can be done to cope with these pressures? Discuss. 6. Compare and contrast the rational decision-making approach and incrementalism, stressing the advantages and disadvantages of each (in theory and in practice). 7. Explain what is meant by "mixed scanning" and indicate how it acts to reduce the alleged weaknesses in both rational and incremental decision making. 8. Discuss the phenomenon of "groupthink," explaining the factors in the group situation that appear to be associated with it, how it might affect the making of decisions, and what (if anything) might be done to combat it. 9. What is "political rationality"? How does it compare to traditional economic rationality? Give examples of situations in which a decision might be rational by one set of criteria but not by the other, and in which a decision might be considered rational in both senses. 10. How have recent presidential decisions responded to public concerns about creating jobs, domestic security, economic growth, and the war on terrorism