1. Does breathing reduce heart rate. You have 100 people in a study. For each person you measure their heart rate before and after that person takes 20 deep breaths. What are the degrees of freedom used for this test.

2. You are testing if the concentration of a water supplement (mg/ml) significantly decreases plant growth (cm).

Assume that the calculated star value is -1.87. Assume the 1 tail critical value is 1.72 and the 2 tailed critical value is 2.01. (critical values can be negative or positive). Do you reject the null hypothesis?