1. ) Galactic Inc. is considering an investment in new equipment that will be used to manufacture a smartphone. The phone is expected to generate additional annual sales of 6,000 units at $250 per unit. The equipment has a cost of $850,000, residual value of $50,000, and an eight-year life. The equipment can only be used to manufacture the phone. The cost to manufacture the phone follows:

Cost per unit:
	Direct labor	$ 15.00
	Direct materials	134.00
	Factory overhead (including depreciation)	33.50
	Total cost per unit	$182.50

Determine the average rate of return on the equipment. If required, round to the nearest whole percent. % ??????????

2. ) Bi-Coastal Railroad Inc. is considering acquiring equipment at a cost of $520,000. The equipment has an estimated life of eight years and no residual value. It is expected to provide yearly net cash flows of $104,000. The companys minimum desired rate of return for net present value analysis is 10%.

Present Value of an Annuity of $1 at Compound Interest
Year	6%	10%	12%	15%	20%
1	0.943	0.909	0.893	0.870	0.833
2	1.833	1.736	1.690	1.626	1.528
3	2.673	2.487	2.402	2.283	2.106
4	3.465	3.170	3.037	2.855	2.589
5	4.212	3.791	3.605	3.353	2.991
6	4.917	4.355	4.111	3.785	3.326
7	5.582	4.868	4.564	4.160	3.605
8	6.210	5.335	4.968	4.487	3.837
9	6.802	5.759	5.328	4.772	4.031
10	7.360	6.145	5.650	5.019	4.192

Compute the following:

a. The average rate of return, giving effect to straight-line depreciation on the investment. If required, round your answer to one decimal place. %

b. The cash payback period. 5 years

c. The net present value. Use the above table of the present value of an annuity of $1. Round to the nearest dollar.

Present value of annual net cash flows	$
Less amount to be invested	$
Net present value	$

3.)

Briggs Excavation Company is planning an investment of $132,000 for a bulldozer. The bulldozer is expected to operate for 1,500 hours per year for five years. Customers will be charged $110 per hour for bulldozer work. The bulldozer operator costs $28 per hour in wages and benefits. The bulldozer is expected to require annual maintenance costing $8,000. The bulldozer uses fuel that is expected to cost $46 per hour of bulldozer operation.

Present Value of an Annuity of $1 at Compound Interest
Year	6%	10%	12%	15%	20%
1	0.943	0.909	0.893	0.870	0.833
2	1.833	1.736	1.690	1.626	1.528
3	2.673	2.487	2.402	2.283	2.106
4	3.465	3.170	3.037	2.855	2.589
5	4.212	3.791	3.605	3.352	2.991
6	4.917	4.355	4.111	3.784	3.326
7	5.582	4.868	4.564	4.160	3.605
8	6.210	5.335	4.968	4.487	3.837
9	6.802	5.759	5.328	4.772	4.031
10	7.360	6.145	5.650	5.019	4.192

d. Determine the number of operating hours such that the present value of cash flows equals the amount to be invested. (Round interim calculations and final answer to the nearest whole number.????