1. How many possible arrangements exist for the word "sun?"

(a) 6! (b) 3! (c) 3²= 9 (d) 2³= 8 (e) none of the above

2. How many possible arrangements exist for the word "duck," if "d" must be the first letter?

(a) 6! (b) 4! (c) 4 (d) 6 (e) none of the above

3. What is the value of P(8,7) ?

(a) 5040 (b) 40320 (c) 7 (d) 8 (e) none of the above

4. What is the value of P(9,3) ?

(a) 5040 (b) 504 (c) 27 (d) 3 (e) none of the above

5. Eleven students line up for Picture Day. How many possible arrangements exist if Margaret must be at the left end of the line, and Joe must be at the right end of the line?

(a) 9! (b) 11! (c) 10! (d) 11 (e) none of the above

6. How many arrangements exist for any 13 blackcards in a standard deck of 52 cards?

(a) P(52,13) (b) P(52,26) (c) P(26,13) (d) 13! (e) none of the above

7. What is the probability of tossing all 9 heads in 9 tosses of a coin?

(a)

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