1. In the following set of scores, which score is an outlier? Scores: 1,1,3,4,6,7,30 a. 1 b. 4 C. 7 d. 30 2. In a normal distribution, what percentage of the cases lies between one standard deviation unit above the mean and one standard deviation unit below the mean? 34% b. 50% C. 68% d. None of the above 3. In a normal distribution with a mean of 90.00 and a standard deviation of 10.00, what percentage of the cases lies between scores of 80 and 90? a. 34% b. 50% C. 68% d. None of the above 4. For the scores on Test D and Test E shown below, there is a. A direct relationship b. An inverse relationship C. No relationship Student Test D Test E Bud 19 789 Francis 17 554 Cathleen 12 333 Jennifer 10 2025. "An Inverse relationship is sometimes called a positive relationship" This statement is a. True b. False 6. What type of study is needed in order to identify cause-and-effect relationships? a. Cohort study b. Case Control study c. Longitudinal study d. Experimental study 7. When there is a perfect, direct relationship, what is the value of r? a. 0.50 b. 0.00 C. -1.00 d. Some other value8. Which of the following values of r represents the strongest relationship? a. -1.00 b. 0.00 C. -.50 d. Some other value 9. "An r of -.45 represents a stronger relationship than an r of .88" This statement is a. True b. False 10. For a given value of the Pearson y, the coefficient of determination is computed by a. Taking the square root of r b. Squaring c. None of the above 11. When the coefficient of determination equals .70, what percentage of the variance on one variable is not predicted by the other variable? a. 70% b. 49% C. 30% d. Some other percentage. 12. "When > = .20, the percentage of variance accounted for is 20%" This statement is a. True b. False13. In a normal distribution about 53% of all observed values lie within two Standard Deviations of the mean. This statement is a. True b. False 14. The Normal Distribution: Properties of the normal curve (FILL IN THE BLANKS} a. , and are the same and occur at the highest point in the distribution and at its center. b. of the entire population lies between one standard deviation from the mean. c. 95.44% of the entire population lies between stande deviations om the mean. d. of the entire population lies between three standard deviations om the mean. e. The total area under the curve is Calculate the Odds Ratio of this table (OR = A x D / B x C) 15. Disease No Disease Total Risk Exposed a = 100 b = 1,900 2,000 5.0% Not Exposed C = 80 d = 7,920 8,000 1.0% Total 180 9.820 10,000 OR=16. A retrospective case-control study is conducted to identify dietary factors that may prevent the development of lung cancer among current or former smokers. Cases were ascertained from the New York State Cancer Registry for 2000 through 2004, and controls were identified from random digit dialing of numbers in the same telephone exchanges as the cases. Personal interviews were conducted to verify smoking status and to assess Vitamin A intake from dietary histories...The results are summarized below. Average Daily Vitamin A Intake | Cases Controls High (> 10000 IU) 10 100 Medium (3500 - 10000 IU) 35 200 Low (