1) Interpret the following correlations (think of strength and direction): a. X days of sunshine, Y = Level of happiness, r = +.70 b. X= Stress level, Y = amount of exercise, r = -.60 c. X=SAT score, Y = college GPA, r = +.30 d. X = hours of work each week, Y = Grade in PSYC 309, r = -.15 2) In the examples below, 1) Describe how the bidirectionality problem applies (i.e. identify the 2 ways the correlation could be interpreted), and 2) Identify a 3rd variable that could reasonably account for the correlation between X and Y (remember, the 3rd variable has to account for the changes in X and the changes in Y; discuss how your 3rd variable would account for changes in the other two variables). a. In a sample of 1000 families, a positive correlation is found between the frequency with which parents use corporal punishment (e.g. spanking) and the frequency with which their children misbehave at school. b. In a sample of 200 pairs of business managers and employees, a positive correlation is found between the quality of employee performance and the frequency with which managers praise their employees. c. In a sample of 300 teenagers, a negative correlation is found between the number of friends they each have and the number of hours per week they spend playing video games. 3) A researcher invited a sample of college students to a lab at 1:00 P.M. to take an attentional control test called the Stroop, in which color names are presented in different font colors. After finishing the Stroop test, each student wrote down what foods they had consumed in the previous hour, and the researcher figured out how many calories each student had eaten. Make a scatterplot of the data in the table below (you can do this on a separate sheet of paper, you do not need to turn it in). Based off of your graph, answer the following questions: A) What kind of association is this positive, negative, or zero? B) Does the association seem strong or weak? Do you notice any outliers? C) Interpret this relationship. Stroop test score (seconds Calories consumed at Person to complete) lunch A 100 550 B 120 200 C 150 210 D 80 600 E 85 750 F 90 400 G 60 575 H 120 325 I 110 350