1. Interpret the following Pearson correlation coefficients:

a.An r of .23 between the number of hours spent with friends after school and self-reported delinquency.

b.An r of .-78 between hours money spent on welfare and crime rates.

2. When two variables are correlated, does this mean that one causes the other? Explain your answer.

3. If you have a calculated value of r that equals .727 and N=10, are you able to reject a null hypothesis tested at the .01 level of significance? Indicate with specifics as to how you can tell.

4.In their 1993 research, Grasmick and colleagues studied the relationship between low self-control and self-reported criminal activity.You decide to replicate the study.You take a sample of 10 people and measure their levels of self-control (using a 23-item scale that creates an interval-level variable) and several self-reported acts of delinquency.Using the data below, create a null and research hypothesis and calculate the value of r, and test for its significance with an alpha of .01.Provide a conclusion about the strength and direction of correlation as well as a conclusion regarding your hypothesis test.

Self-Control

Self-Reported Delinquency

45

5

63

10

38

2

77

23

82

19

59

7

61

17

88

24

52

14

67

20

5. Using the data below, describe the correlations.

Test1

Test2

Minutes Sleep Night Before Test1

Column 1

1

Column 2

0.901225

1

Column 3

0.075283

0.105855454

1