1 Javid was hired to assess whether a hospital's teambuilding program increased commitment among their nurses. The hospital claimed that their program worked, because the nurses reported higher commitment on average after the training finished. However, Javid noticed that several nurses had quit and left the hospital between the two measures. Which of the following threats to internal validity might cause Javid to distrust the hospital's claim that their program worked? in A history effect A lack of generalizability (external validity) r' An instrumentation effect c A mortality (attrition) effect 2 A marketing consultant is hired to help their client test the effectiveness of a new customer rewards program. The client asks the consultant to design an experiment that will test whether stores that implement the rewards program also report higher profits. However, they're surprised when the consultant starts writing down other variables that could also be related to a store's profitability. These variables weren't part of their research question, so what is the most likely reason that the consultant wants to consider them when designing the experiment? (c To statistically control for the effects of extraneous factors (a To apply an inductive approach to knowledge generation F To avoid potential instrumentation effects F To prevent the research model from being parsimonious 3 What two factors affect the precision with which a researcher can estimate an effect that they observe in their study? (' The amount of variation between data points and the number of data points F The sampling unit and the unit of analysis r The unit of measurement and the rigor of the study design r' The representativeness of the sample and the generalizability of the sample 4 Ms. Kensington hires an organizational consultant to confidentially survey her employees about their likelihood of leaving her organization. However, Ms. Kensington knows that her employees' feelings may change over time, so she asks the consultant to administer the survey once every few weeks to make sure that the results represent how employees feel consistently over time. What type of reliability evidence is Ms. Kensington assessing? F Parallel forms (T Test- retest If\" Splithalf F Internal consistency