1 Natural Foods Inc. is planning to invest in new manufacturing equipment to make a new garden tool. The new garden tool is expected to generate additional annual sales of 7,400 units at $52 each. The new manufacturing equipment will cost $160,300 and is expected to have a 10-year life and a $12,300 residual value. Selling expenses related to the new product are expected to be 4% of sales revenue. The cost to manufacture the product includes the following on a per-unit basis: Direct labor $8.80 Direct materials 28.90 Fixed factory overhead-depreciation 2.00 Variable factory overhead 4.50 Total $44.20 Determine the net cash flows for the first year of the project, Years 29, and for the last year of the project. Use the minus sign to indicate cash outflows. Do not round your intermediate calculations but, if required, round your final answers to the nearest dollar. Natural Foods Inc. Net Cash Flows Year 1 Years 2-9 Last Year Initial investment $ Operating cash flows: Annual revenues $ $ $ Selling expenses Cost to manufacture Net operating cash flows $ $ $ Total for Year 1 Total for Years 29 (operating cash flow) $ Residual value Total for last year $

2 Cash Payback Period for a Service Company- Janes Clothing Inc. is evaluating two capital investment proposals for a retail outlet, each requiring an investment of $225,000 and each with an eight-year life and expected total net cash flows of $360,000. Location 1 is expected to provide equal annual net cash flows of $45,000, and Location 2 is expected to have the following unequal annual net cash flows:

Year 1	$101,000
Year 2	77,000
Year 3	47,000
Year 4	43,000
Year 5	32,000
Year 6	24,000
Year 7	19,000
Year 8	17,000

Determine the cash payback period for both location proposals.

Location 1	years
Location 2	years

3 Average Rate of Return, Cash Payback Period, Net Present Value Method for a Service Company

Spanish Peaks Railroad Inc. is considering acquiring equipment at a cost of $260,000. The equipment has an estimated life of 10 years and no residual value. It is expected to provide yearly net cash flows of $52,000. The company's minimum desired rate of return for net present value analysis is 10%.

Present Value of an Annuity of $1 at Compound Interest
Year	6%	10%	12%	15%	20%
1	0.943	0.909	0.893	0.870	0.833
2	1.833	1.736	1.690	1.626	1.528
3	2.673	2.487	2.402	2.283	2.106
4	3.465	3.170	3.037	2.855	2.589
5	4.212	3.791	3.605	3.353	2.991
6	4.917	4.355	4.111	3.785	3.326
7	5.582	4.868	4.564	4.160	3.605
8	6.210	5.335	4.968	4.487	3.837
9	6.802	5.759	5.328	4.772	4.031
10	7.360	6.145	5.650	5.019	4.192

Compute the following:

a. The average rate of return, giving effect to straight-line depreciation on the investment. If required, round your answer to one decimal place.b. The cash payback period. c. The net present value. Use the above table of the present value of an annuity of $1. Round to the nearest dollar. If required, use a minus sign to indicate negative net present value for current grading purpose.

Present value of annual net cash flows	$
Amount to be invested	$
Net present value	$

4 The internal rate of return method is used by Testerman Construction Co. in analyzing a capital expenditure proposal that involves an investment of $81,624 and annual net cash flows of $12,000 for each of the nine years of its useful life.

Present Value of an Annuity of $1 at Compound Interest
Year	6%	10%	12%	15%	20%
1	0.943	0.909	0.893	0.870	0.833
2	1.833	1.736	1.690	1.626	1.528
3	2.673	2.487	2.402	2.283	2.106
4	3.465	3.170	3.037	2.855	2.589
5	4.212	3.791	3.605	3.353	2.991
6	4.917	4.355	4.111	3.785	3.326
7	5.582	4.868	4.564	4.160	3.605
8	6.210	5.335	4.968	4.487	3.837
9	6.802	5.759	5.328	4.772	4.031
10	7.360	6.145	5.650	5.019	4.192

a. Determine a present value factor for an annuity of $1 which can be used in determining the internal rate of return. If required, round your answer to three decimal places.

b. Using the factor determined in part (a) and the present value of an annuity of $1 table above, determine the internal rate of return for the proposal.