1. On a simple levelized cost basis, which of the following vehicles is cheapest to own: 2. Assume capital costs for a particular device have a size-scaling exponent of 0.7 and a learning exponent of 0.234. Which scenario leads to a lower capital cost per unit of capacity [$/kW] a. scaling up to 5MW from 500kW. b. producing 1,000 units at 500kW. 3. You are considering a natural gas power plant where capital costs are uniformly distributed over the build time, WACC is 8%, and the plant operates for 30 years: - Overnight cost, corsuright =1092$/kWcap - Construction time, tburld=2 years - Heat rate, HR=9,600Btu/kWh - Fixed O&M cost, C fom =17.39$/kW cap-yr - Variable O\&M, cram =3.48$MWh - Fuel cost, cF=4$/GJ - Capacity Factor, cf=0.25 a. Determine the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). b. Determine the cost again if a carbon tax is applied at 50$/HCO and increases linearly to 100$/+CO2 in the 30mi year of operation Assume the carbon intensity of natural gas is 0.050tCO/GJ 4. Determine the cost per unit capacity [ $/kW cap-yr fixed costs] for onshore wind using DOE cost estimates (Table 1, DOE Cost and Performance Characteristics), a build time of 3 years, a 25 -year life, and a discount rate of 8%. Assume uniform distribution of capital costs over the build time. 5. Using DOE generator parameters, determine the variable cost [\$/MWh] for coal with 30% CCS and an industrial frame combustion turbine. Assume the cost of coal is 30$ tonne and the energy density is 22MMBtu/ tomne. Assume gas costs 4S/GJ. What is the carbon intensity for each generator [tCO2/MWhe] (assume coal is equivalent to C )? 1. On a simple levelized cost basis, which of the following vehicles is cheapest to own: 2. Assume capital costs for a particular device have a size-scaling exponent of 0.7 and a learning exponent of 0.234. Which scenario leads to a lower capital cost per unit of capacity [$/kW] a. scaling up to 5MW from 500kW. b. producing 1,000 units at 500kW. 3. You are considering a natural gas power plant where capital costs are uniformly distributed over the build time, WACC is 8%, and the plant operates for 30 years: - Overnight cost, corsuright =1092$/kWcap - Construction time, tburld=2 years - Heat rate, HR=9,600Btu/kWh - Fixed O&M cost, C fom =17.39$/kW cap-yr - Variable O\&M, cram =3.48$MWh - Fuel cost, cF=4$/GJ - Capacity Factor, cf=0.25 a. Determine the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). b. Determine the cost again if a carbon tax is applied at 50$/HCO and increases linearly to 100$/+CO2 in the 30mi year of operation Assume the carbon intensity of natural gas is 0.050tCO/GJ 4. Determine the cost per unit capacity [ $/kW cap-yr fixed costs] for onshore wind using DOE cost estimates (Table 1, DOE Cost and Performance Characteristics), a build time of 3 years, a 25 -year life, and a discount rate of 8%. Assume uniform distribution of capital costs over the build time. 5. Using DOE generator parameters, determine the variable cost [\$/MWh] for coal with 30% CCS and an industrial frame combustion turbine. Assume the cost of coal is 30$ tonne and the energy density is 22MMBtu/ tomne. Assume gas costs 4S/GJ. What is the carbon intensity for each generator [tCO2/MWhe] (assume coal is equivalent to C )
