1.) Public health officials claim that people living in low income neighborhoods have different Physical Activity Levels (PAL) than the general population. This is based on knowledge that in the U.S., the mean PAL is 1.60 and the standard deviation is 0.45. A study took a random sample of 41 people who lived in low income neighborhoods and found their mean PAL to be 1.49. Using a one-sample z test, what is the z-score for this data? (Answer to 2 digits after the decimal.)

1a.) What is the critical value of z in the previous question if = 0.05? Report the positive critical value only. (Answer to 2 digits after the decimal.)