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Resenhoeft, Villa, and Wiseman (2008) conducted a studyIr showing that a woman shown in a photograph was judged as less attractive when the photograph showed a visible tattoo compared to 1e sarne photograph with the tattoo removed. Suppose a similar experiment is conducted as a repeatedmeasures study. A sample of n = 12 males looks at a set of 30 photographs of women and rates die attractiveness of each woman using a 5point stale (5 = most positive). One photograph appears twice in the set, once with a tattoo and once with the tattoo removed. For each participant, the researcher records the diFFerenoe between the two ratings of the same photograph. On average, the photograph without the tattoo is rated MD = 1.2 points higher than [he photograph with the tattoo, with 55 = 33 for the diFFerenoe scores. Does the presence of a visible tattoo have a signicant effect on the attradjveness ratings? Use a twotailed test with a = .05. Emmtlm Wefeedmn=21 C) O C 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 A 0.000 x The sample variance is , the estimated standard error is V , and t(11) = . With critical boundaries of Ho. The tattoo attractiveness ratings.When you get a surprisingly low price on a product, do you assume that you got a really good deal or that you bought a lowquality product? Research indicates that you are more likely to associate low price and low quality if someone else makes the purchase rather than yourself {Yan Br Sengupta, 2011}. In a similar study, n = 16 participants were asked to rate the quality of lowpriced items under two scenarios: purchased by a friend or purchased yourself. The results produced a mean difference of MD = 2.6 and 85 = 135, with selfpurchases rated higher. Is the judged quality of objects signicantly different for selfpurchases than for purd'rases made by others? Use a twotailed test with a = .05 and the Distributions tool. tmbfbubhn Wefeedx=21 0 I l. -3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0.000 r The sample variance is V , the estimated standard error is V , and t( V ) = V . With critical boundaries of V Compute Cohen's d to measure the size of the treatment effect. Estimated Cohen's d = Y Complete the following sentence demonstrating how the results of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report. Participants rated the quality of items purchased by others 7 selfpurchased items, 7 v v . I Masculinethemed words (such as competitive, independent, analyze, strong) are commonly used in job recruitment materials, especially for job advertisements in maledominated areas (Gaucher, Friesen, St Kay, 2010). The same study found that these words also make the jobs less appealing to women. In a similar study, female participants were asked to read a series of job advertisements and then rate how interesting or appealing the job appeared to be. Half of the advertisements were constructed to include several masculinethemed words and the others were worded neutrally. The average rating for each type of advertisement was obtained for each participant. For n = 25 participants, the mean difference between the two types of advertisements is MD = 1.32 points (neutral ads rated higher) with 85 = 150 for the difference scores. Is this result sufcient to conclude that there is a significant difference in the ratings for two types of advertisements? Use a twotailed test with a = .05. t critical = i V t = v \fCompute r2 to measure the size of the treatment effect. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) Write a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size as it would appear in a research report. Female participants V job recruitment materials with masculinethemed words signicantly differently than job recruitment materials with neutral words, V , V . V
