1) Ruby is a fine arts student in a university. He stays in a boarding house with Bernie as his roommate. During his free time, Rudy would paint and leave his finished works lying around the boarding house. One day, Rudy saw one of his works - an abstract painting entitled Manila Traffic Jam - on display at the university cafeteria. The cafeteria operator said he purchased the painting from Bernie who represented himself as its painter and owner Rudy and the cafeteria operator immediately confronted Bernie. While admitting that he did not do the painting,. Bernie claimed ownership of its copyright since he had already registered it in his name with the National Library as provided in the Intellectual Property Code. Who owns the copyright to the painting? Explain

2) While vacationing in Boracay, Valentino surreptitiously took photographs of his girlfriend Monaliza in her skimpy bikini. Two weeks later, her photographs appeared in the Internet and in a national celebrity magazine. Monalizafound out that Valentino had sold the photographs to the magazine, adding insult to injury, uploaded them to his personal blog on the Internet. a. Monaliza filed a complaint against Valentino damages based on, among other grounds, violation of her intellectual property rights. Does she have any cause of action? Explain. b. Valentino's friend Francesco stole the photographs and duplicated them and sold them to a magazine publication. Valentino sued Francisco for infringement and damages. Does Valentino have any cause of action? Explain.

3) After disposing of his last opponent in only two rounds in Las Vegas, the renowned Filipino boxer Sonny Bachao arrived at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport met by thousands of heroworshipping fans and hundreds of media photographers. The following day, a colored photograph of Sonny wearing a black polo shirt embroidered with the 2-inch Lacoste Crocodile logo appearedon the front page of every Philippine newspaper. Lacoste International, the French firm that manufactures lacoste apparel and owns the Lacoste trademark, decided to cash in on the universal popularity of the boxing icon. It reprinted the photographs, with the permission of the newspaper publishers, and went on a world-wide blitz of print commercials in which Sonny is shown wearing a Lacoste shirt alongside the phrase Sonny Bachao just loves Lacoste. When Sonny sees the Lacoste advertisements, he hires you as lawyer and asks you to sue Lacoste International before a Philippine court for trademark Infringement in the Philippines because Lacoste International used his image without his permission. Will the suit prosper?

4) Dr. Nobel discovered a new method of treating COVID-19 involving a special method of diagnosing the disease, treating it with a new medicine that has been discovered after long experimentation and field testing. He comes to you for advice on how he can have his discoveries protected. Can he legally protect his new method of diagnosis, the new medicine, and the new method of treatment? If no, why? If yes, how?

5) Maharlikang Pilipino Banking Corporation (MPBC) operates several branches of Maharlikang Pilipino Rural Bank in Eastern Visayas. Almost all the branch managers are close relatives of the members of the Board of Directors of the corporation. Many undeserving relatives of the branch managers were granted loans. In time, the branches could not settle their obligations to depositors and creditors. Receiving reports of these irregularities, the Supervising and Examining Department (SED) of the Monetary Board prepared a detailed report (SED Report) specifying the facts and the chronology of events relative to the problems that beset MPBC rural bank branches. The report concluded that the bank branches were unable to pay their liabilities as they fell due, and could not possibly continue in business without incurring substantial losses to its depositors and creditors. a. May the Monetary Board order the closure of the MPBC rural banks relying only on the SED Report, without need of an examination? Explain. b. If MPBC hires you as lawyer because the Monetary Board has forbidden it from carrying on its business due to its imminent insolvency, what action will you institute to question the Monetary Board's order? Explain.

6) From his first term in 2007, Congressman Abner has been endorsing his pork barrel allocations to Twin Rivers in exchange for a commission of 40% of the face value of the allocation. Twin Rivers is a non-governmental organization whose supporting papers, after audit, were found by the Commission on Audit to be fictitious. Other than to prepareand submit falsifies papers to support the encashment of the pork barrel checks, Twin Rivers does not appear to have done anything on the endorsed projects and Congressman Abner likewise does not appear to have bothered to monitor the progress of the project he endorsed. The congressmen converted most of the commissions he generated into US dollars, and deposited these in a foreign currency account with Banco de Plata (BDP). Based on amply-supported tips given by a congressman from another political party, the Anti-Money Laundering Council sent BDP an order: (1) to confirm Cong. Abner's deposits with the bank and to provide details of these deposits; and (2) to hold all withdrawals and other transactions involving the congressman's bank accounts. As counsel for BDP, would you advise the bank to comply with the order? Explain.

7) Frank borrowed P1,000,000 from his brother Eric. To pay the loan, Frank issued a post-dated check to be presented for payment a month after the transaction. Two days before maturity, Frank called Eric telling him he had insufficient funds and requested that the deposit of the check be deferred. Nevertheless, Eric deposited the check and it was dishonored. When Frank failed to pay despite demand, Eric filed a complaint against him for violation of Batas Pambansa Big. 22 (The Bouncing Checks Law). Was the charge brought against Frank correct?

8) Angelo devised a Ponzi Scheme in which 500 persons were deceived into investing their money upon a promise of a capital return of 25%, computed monthly, and guaranteed by post-dated checks. During the first two months following the investment, the investors received their profits, but thereafter, Angelo vanished. Angelo was charged with 500 counts of estafa and 2,000 counts of violation of Batas Pambansa (BP) 22. In his motion to quash, Angelo contends that he committed a continued crime, or delito continuado, hence, he committed only one count of estafa and one count of violation of BP 22. Is Angelo's contention tenable? Explain.

9) Dennis leased his apartment to Myla for P10,000 a month. Myla failed to pay the rent for 3 months. Gabriel, the son of Dennis, prepared a demand letter falsely alleging that his father had authorized him to collect the unpaid rentals. Myla paid the unpaid rentals to Gabriel who kept the payment. Did Gabriel commit a crime of estafa? Explain.

10) While Alfredo, Braulio, Ciriaco, and Domingo were robbing a bank, policemen arrived. A firefight ensued between the bank robbers and the responding policemen, and one of the policemen was killed. What crime or crimes, if any, had been committed? Explain.

11) On her way home, Eva Marie saw an injured chow chow puppy behind a bush. Since the puppy did not have a collar, she brought it home so she could have it as a pet. Her son in fact begged Eva Marie to keep the puppy. The following day, Eva Marie bought a collar for the puppy and brought it to a veterinarian for treatment. Did Eva Marie incur criminal liability in bringing the puppy home as a pet? Explain.