1 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES Technological Changes POL2000 - Globalization Introduction It is simply amazing how technology has reshaped the way we live, think, and work in the world today. Technology has definitely affected the world stage in many ways. The key to this new wave technology is how instantaneous information flows and 1 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships 2 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES the countless ways they have changed society as a whole. That said, the sole purpose and intent of this paper is to discuss and explain how technology has developed and advanced over the years, in part due to globalization and international relations, it will describe the effects of technological advancement of globalization and international relations, this paper will also provide examples of how technology has both positive and negative effects on international relations. Analyzes technological advances as they relate to globalization and international relations According to Rourke & Boyer (2010) globalization is not a new idea or a new concept. Not only have ancient tribes traded and interacted with each other, many ancient philosophers saw people as part of the world, not just a town or city (Rourke & Boyer, 2010). Most importantly, globalization is simply about the shrinking of topographical space of governmentally or politically demarcated borders that accelerates and amplifies the flows of goods, money, society and culture around the entire globe while making life a little simpler. Society is more connected now than ever to one another: on a social basis through the telecommunications and mass media; through movements people are connected culturally; through trading society is connected economically; through sharing the earth with individual people are connected environmentally and politically through international relations. All these increased connections lead to a codependent world in the form of international political economy (IPE) or as a global political economy (GPE) called or known as globalization. Since the year of 1999 globalization has accelerated the changes in technology in all societies. Nowadays, it is possible to respond to a situation even more effective in 2 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships 3 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES certain circumstance to prevent unwanted actions with changes taking place in the form of communication with technology changing so fast. The Internet and media networks have created unlimited opportunities for information and data to reach and touch different parts of the nation or world with little or no time at all. This is happening locally and regionally according to How Important is Technological Determinism in International Relations, (2013). Describes the implications of technology on globalization Software, hardware, and telecommunication have instigated extensive enhancements in retrieving information and economic potential advancements in the early 1990s in a computer. Regardless of where an individual live Information technology (IT) provides the communication network that enables the enlargement of product, ideas, and resources among people and among nation. The most recent advancement in the ability to communicate and practice information in a digital form is called IT Revolution. The day of touch tone phones that plugged into the wall socket years ago is no longer a concern, society has cellular phones nowadays. An individual can create their very own window of time for one's personal needs. People no longer have to show up for class or be in a classroom setting because of the transiting to online classes. Innovative technology has made flexibility and momentum in terms of communication a reality, not only in our personal lives, but in International relations as well. Explains how technological innovation has changed international relations Positively and negatively 3 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships 4 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES It is becoming evident that social media is becoming more than just a source of entertainment. Of course, like any other new system that is made for speed and efficiency it comes with advantage and disadvantage. Telephones remarkably advanced compared to back in the day, there are some negatives associated with this advancement. For instance, people do not exercise their memory as much pertaining to remembering contact numbers. The individual who loses their phone and cannot remember any contact numbers that was stored in the phone because an individual get so used to auto-dial, which does not require you to remember the contact number. In addition to that, no one uses good old-fashioned pen and paper to write anymore because everyone is so used to texting. Technology has definitely come a long way, but let's not forget that we as a society survived just fine back in those days. Without all of this technology what if there is a catastrophe that destroys our ability to utilize these technological advances. Another example is waste and toxin that filling up our landfills with PCs and computers this is a problem that's on the rise (E Waste, 2014). The positive thing about technology in today's world is not a luxury anymore, it is a necessity and it changed how businesses operate. Cell phones, Internet, and other technological advantages allowed companies to have faster communications, reach more potential customers, and allowed many businesses to go global. With Internet/wireless popularity and easy access from any electronic device, companies concentrate their business towards the web by creating customer friendly websites, providing online purchases, etc. In addition, targeted advertisement is very popular in the business world. Google keyword search helps direct company's adds to potential 4 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships 5 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES buyers. Shopping and discounts offering apps help many companies to save money on it advertising by targeting potential new buyers. Outsourcing is another effect brought by technological advantages. With the instant information change, though the internet and specialized databases and software, many companies are able to produce, manage, and control production processes long distance. Outsourcing is still very controversial practice, but it helps large companies to save money by using cheaper labor in less developed countries. Another change worth mentioning is on-line only businesses. Companies such as EBay, Amazon, Groupon, and many smaller, medium, and big, conduct business online only. Groupon is a young company that is improving every day through innovation and sound business decisions (Groupon.com, 2013). There is no physical store or location that customers could visit to receive some of these goods or services offered by these companies. Technology allows these businesses to flourish. Many of us would not know how to go about our normal daily routines without internet and all that it has to offer. Conclusion Technology is here to stay whether society like it or not. What matters is that it is used wisely. Ironically, becoming wise usually takes time, which is something that technology does not promote this offer. Technology offers the advantages of timelessness and virtualization, while at the same time can create chaos and danger if manipulated by the wrong hands. International education, medical advancements and humanitarian needs should foster technological innovation, while the technological needs of war and communication that can be manipulated by terrorists should not be entertained. 5 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships 6 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES References E Waste, (2014). Electronics Recycling & Data Destruction. Retrieved from 6 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships 7 Running Header: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES http://sunshineerecycling.ppclpo.com/ Groupon.com, (2013). Groupon USA. Retrieved from: http://www.groupon.com/ How important is Technological Determinism in International Relations. (2013). Retrieved from http://kathonewmedia.wordpress.com/2013/01/14/how-important-is-technologicaldeterminism-in-international-relations/ Rourke, J. T., & Boyer, M. A. (2010). International politics on the world stage: Brief. (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill 7 Technology , Globalization and International Relationships Turnitin Originality Report Technological Changes by Angela Moore From 1 - Draft (POL2000 - Apr 11 2016 to Jun 17 2016 - Section 01 _34409_1) Processed on 28-Apr-2016 10:13 AM CDT ID: 660167190 Word Count: 1046 Similarity Index 5% Similarity by Source Internet Sources: 2% Publications: 2% Student Papers: 5% sources: 1 3% match (student papers from 11-Dec-2012) Submitted to Colorado Technical University Online on 2012-12-11 2 1% match (student papers from 10-May-2015) Submitted to Southern New Hampshire University - Distance Education on 2015-05-10 3 1% match (Internet from 11-Aug-2012) http://www.surveillance-and-society.org/articles5(3)/editorial.pdf paper text: Topic: Technological Changes Name: Course: Instructor's Name: Date: Globalization is basically the dwindling of geographic area (Monahan, T, 2005) of constitutional boundaries so as to accelerate and enhance the flow of goods, funds, inhabitants and different ways of life all over the world. People are connected within the society in social terms via telecommunication, culturally by the locomotion of publics, economically by businesses, environmentally as they share the same earth and politically by constant interactions between countries and effecting similar structures of ruling. Therefore, the mounting associations globally are the cause of an interconnected world. The fast rate of technological modification and the creation of intercontinental institutions are behind the creation of a universal market that at times clashes with nations need to maintain their relative advantage and competitive edge. Firms and government have experienced immense transformation in the areas like; the varying complexity of competition, effects of novel technology on cosmopolitan business and economic and societal concern emerging from the modification of culture as people embrace new technology. Globalization has various (Monahan, T, 2005) ways of materializing in society and all of them have an effect on the forms of political relations between countries. Many types of globalization exist; economic, military, cultural and political. Economic globalization refers to the interrelationship between different economies due to the rising scale of the rapid spread of technologies, transfer of resources and trade of commodities and services. Military globalization encompasses (Krishnan, A, 2008) technological advances regarding weapons. The main features of this form of globalization include establishing a broad and exhaustive military system, that's, encompasses how the military utilizes force to put a stop to violence. Political globalization involves new developments such as international alliance in institutions. Globalization has led to different dimensions to international politics and great system of state power that enable people resolve political contentions and communal issues arising from intercontinental relations. Cultural globalization results from the rise of technology and increase in information sharing. It has enhanced exchange of cultures which is feasible on the internet. Four types of relation exist among technology, that is, relation at human level that ranges from educational expertise to the dealings between administration and workforce to the community resulting from the effects of technology on the population. The next relationship is the company level involving the consequence of using technology in running businesses (Monahan, T, 2005). The third connection is the state level involving the interaction among the private and public sector on the use of technology and the ability of the country to expand . The last affiliation exists at the global level that includes the flow of information, trade frictions and collaboration characterized by technological progress, dissemination , competition and economic progress. Under a global outlook, the aim of technological advancement is world growth by realizing elevated growth per capita. Therefore, it is essential for countries to harness technology for growth; this has resulted in the concern on the need for professionals with expertise in global activities such as finance and marketing of firms. World growth is sustained by revival of manufacturing and hiring experts to facilitate industrialization, reception of international companies, industries denationalization and government involvement in technology. Technological discovery has become a worldwide effort is not specific to individuals or countries (Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Films Media Group, & Rai Trade, 2005). Therefore, influential parties behind transmission of novel technology are government, companies and national security. Technological advances in global economics have an impact on the evolution of production methods, types of products and labor market. Technology brings about change in the creation of virgin industries and refurbish existing sectors, while at the same time alters the plan of expansion globally (Krishnan, A, 2008). The ability of firms to operate in the global markets has enabled them to realize the importance of cooperation in the increasing scientific nature of technology where companies need a cross-disciplinary approach to solving problems. In conclusion, globalization is key towards materialization new organizations that will majorly depend on a network of technology alliances. Globalization will lead to accelerated economic development without dysfunctional effects, for example, intercontinental marketing for institutions, and establishment of subsidiaries that facilitate proper return on investment and remain competitive. Software and materials have led to a global setting for research regardless of the barriers. Positives Globalization has numerous advantages whereby through it, people are able to correspond internationally with different parties. Sharing of information has been enhanced through this since the cost is reduced and time taken has been reduced. Communication quality has increased with the use of mobile video services. Information has been instrumental to making excellent choices in areas such as well being and education, for example, production of medications (Monahan, T, 2005). The ease of the exchange of information creates awareness on types of human rights violation affecting different communities. It also rises the ease to document military operations or regime rights infringement. Globalization widens people's horizons, to information ,products of science, opportunities, individual and societal development and potential to slotting ideas for solutions to ordinary problems. Negatives There are some adverse consequences of increased technological advancement; globalization has led to the superiority of foreign goods in other countries that are not technologically advanced. Globalization has also resulted in the diffusion of distinct cultures of particular countries as a result of increased immigration, for example, with the increase immigration in France, mainly Muslims have forced France not to endorse globalization. Globalization (Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Films Media Group, & Rai Trade, 2005) leads to loss of national sovereignty and cultural imperialism. Globalization results in poverty within societies, a budding gap between industrialized and developing countries, poor living standards, compulsory migration and individual rights contravention, abuse of poor social groups, conflicts, insecurity, and racism. Environmental effects, for example, greenhouse effect, pollution and complete use of natural resources. As a result, there have been anti-globalization forces which are critical by inequalities of universal trade, ecological troubles and loss of state control. References 2Krishnan, A. (2008). War as business: Technological change and military service contracting. Aldershot, England: Ashgate Films for the Humanities & Sciences (Firm), Films Media Group., & Rai Trade (Firm). (2005). Technological change. New York, N.Y: Films Media Group. 3Monahan, T. (2005). Globalization, technological change, and public education. New York: Routledge.1Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 1 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 2 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 3 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 4 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 5 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 6 Turnitin Originality Report Technological Changes by Angela Moore From 1 - Draft (POL2000 - Apr 11 2016 to Jun 17 2016 - Section 01 _34409_1) Processed on 26-Apr-2016 10:08 AM CDT ID: 660167190 Word Count: 1133 Similarity Index 54% Similarity by Source Internet Sources: 49% Publications: 2% Student Papers: 33% sources: 1 20% match (Internet from 16-May-2013) http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1101&page=1 2 8% match (Internet from 03-Jan-2016) http://internationalrelations.org/globalization/ 3 7% match (Internet from 28-Oct-2015) http://e4gi.weebly.com/globalization--technology.html 4 3% match (Internet from 14-Oct-2015) http://www.nap.edu/read/1101/chapter/2 5 2% match (student papers from 26-Oct-2012) Submitted to Capella Education Company on 2012-10-26 6 2% match (student papers from 13-Dec-2012) Submitted to Loughborough University on 2012-12-13 7 2% match (student papers from 23-Jun-2015) Submitted to Renaissance International School on 2015-06-23 8 2% match (student papers from 29-Oct-2012) Submitted to University of North Carolina, Charlotte on 2012-10-29 9 2% match (student papers from 04-Dec-2013) Submitted to Columbia College of Missouri on 2013-12-04 10 2% match (student papers from 09-Sep-2013) Submitted to University of Exeter on 2013-09-09 11 1% match (student papers from 25-Oct-2012) Submitted to Capella Education Company on 2012-10-25 12 1% match (student papers from 03-Mar-2013) Submitted to Columbia College of Missouri on 2013-03-03 13 1% match (Internet from 04-Jun-2010) http://torinmonahan.com/papers/Dreams_of_control.pdf 14 1% match (student papers from 16-Sep-2014) Submitted to Kaplan College on 2014-09-16 paper text: 11Explain how technology has developed and advanced, in part due to globalization and international relations.3Globalization is simply the shrinking of geographic space (Monahan, T, 2005) of politically defined borders that accelerate and magnifies the flow of goods, money, people and culture around the world. People are connected 3socially through the media and telecommunication, culturally through movements of people, economically through trade, environmentally through sharing one planet and politically through international relations and systems of regulation. Therefore, the increasing connections lead to an interdependent world. 1Rapid technological innovation and the proliferation of transnational organizational are the forces behind the formation of a global economy that sometimes conflict with nationalistic concern about maintaining the comparative advantage and competitiveness. Firms and government have experienced immense transformation in the areas like; 4the changing nature of international competition, influences of new technology on international trade and economic and social concern arising from different cultures and standards of living associated with adoption and use of new technology. Globalization has various (Monahan, T, 2005) 2manifestations with all of them having effects on the political and international relations landscape. Many types of globalization exist; 2economic globalization, military globalization, cultural globalization and political 6globalization. Economic globalization is the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of the rapid spread of technologies, flow of international capital and trade of commodities and services. Military globalization encompasses (Krishnan, A, 2008) technological advances regarding weapons. 8It is characterized by extensive and intensive networks of military force, that's, the actual use of force and threats to use violence. Political globalization involves new developments such as international alliance in institutions. Globalization has led to different dimensions to international politics and great system of state power that enable people 2to work on political and social issues as they relate to international relations. Cultural globalization results from the rise of technology and increase in information sharing. It has enhanced exchange of cultures which is feasible on the internet. Four types of relation exist among technology, that is, relation at human level that ranges 1from professional educational to relations between management and labor to the public resulting from the impact of technology on lives of people. The (Monahan, T, 2005) second relationship is at the institutional level that involves the impact of technology on the management of businesses and industries. The third link is at the national level involving the interaction among the private and public sector on the use of technology and the ability of the country 1to grow economically. The last relationship is at international level that includes the flow of information, 1trade frictions and alliances characterized by technological development, its diffusion, global competition and economic advance. At the global 1perspective, the main issue of technological advancement is to improve world growth and enhance growth per capita. Therefore, it is essential for countries to harness technology for growth; this has resulted in the concern on 1the demands of international marketing and finance, and national security. by World growth is sustained 1the rebirth of interest in manufacturing, the spread of expert system that multiplies the 1skills and help in industrialization process, the acceptance of international corporations, and privatization of various industries and the increased interest of governments in technology. Technological discovery has (Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Films Media Group, & Rai Trade, 2005) become rather than an individual or national endeavor. Therefore, 1global 1powerful influences on the diffusion of new technological processes and products will be the government, corporations and national security concern and the rate of advances in scientific research. Technological advances in global economics have an impact on the evolution of production methods, types of products and labor market. Technology brings (Krishnan, A, 2008) about change in the creation of 1new industries and rejuvenating mature ones, and in the process alters the patterns of development across the world. The ability of firms to operate in the global markets has enabled them to realize the importance of cooperation in the increasing scientific nature of technology where companies need a cross-disciplinary approach to solving problems. In conclusion, 1globalization will bring about the emergence of many small and medium-size multinational firms that will majorly rely on a network of technology alliances. Globalization will lead to accelerated economic development without dysfunctional effects, for example, 1international marketing for organizations, joint ventures and creation of subsidiaries that facilitate proper return on investment and remain competitive. Software and materials have 1created a global environment for research and applications despite the barriers.5Describe the effects of technological advancement on globalization and international relations. Provide examples of how technology has both positively and negatively affected international relations Positives Globalization has numerous advantages whereby through it, people communicate with others across the world 2are able to easily. Sharing of information has been enhanced through this since the cost is reduced and time taken has been reduced. Communication quality has increased with the use of mobile video services. 2Information has led to (Monahan, T, 2005) better decisions in fields such as health and education, for example, more efficient medicines are produced globe. The ease of the exchange an shared more quickly around the 2of information has allowed people to challenge human rights abuses that exist in the society. It is easier to record military crackdown or government rights violation. Globalization has led to the widening of people's horizons, access 7to knowledge and the products of science and technology, increase in opportunities, personal and social development and possibilities of sharing ideas towards a solution to common problems. Negatives There are some adverse consequences of increased technological advancement; globalization has led to the superiority of foreign goods in other countries that are not technologically advanced. Globalization has also resulted in the diffusion of distinct cultures of particular countries as a result of increased immigration, for example, with the increase immigration in France, mainly Muslims have forced France not to endorse globalization. Globalization (Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Films Media Group, & Rai Trade, 2005) leads to loss of national sovereignty and cultural imperialism. 14Globalization has also led to increasing poverty in societies, a growing9gap between developed and developing countries, low standards of living, forced migration and human rights violation, exploitation of weak social groups, conflicts, insecurity, and racism. Globalization for example, 3greenhouse effect, climate change, pollution and exhaustion of natural resources. inequalities has an effect on the environment, As a result, there have been anti-globalization forces which are critical by 3of global trade, environmental problems and loss of national sovereignty. References 12Krishnan, A. (2008). War as business: Technological change and military service contracting. Aldershot, England: Ashgate10Films for the Humanities & Sciences (Firm), Films Media Group., & Rai Trade (Firm). (2005). Technological change. New York, N.Y: Films Media Group.13Monahan, T. (2005). Globalization, technological change, and public education. New York: Routledge. Turnitin Originality Report Technological Changes by Angela Moore From 1 - Draft (POL2000 - Apr 11 2016 to Jun 17 2016 - Section 01 _34409_1) Processed on 28-Apr-2016 10:13 AM CDT ID: 660167190 Word Count: 1046 Similarity Index 5% Similarity by Source Internet Sources: 2% Publications: 2% Student Papers: 5% sources: 1 3% match (student papers from 11-Dec-2012) Submitted to Colorado Technical University Online on 2012-12-11 2 1% match (student papers from 10-May-2015) Submitted to Southern New Hampshire University - Distance Education on 2015-05-10 3 1% match (Internet from 11-Aug-2012) http://www.surveillance-and-society.org/articles5(3)/editorial.pdf paper text: Topic: Technological Changes Name: Course: Instructor's Name: Date: Globalization is basically the dwindling of geographic area (Monahan, T, 2005) of constitutional boundaries so as to accelerate and enhance the flow of goods, funds, inhabitants and different ways of life all over the world. People are connected within the society in social terms via telecommunication, culturally by the locomotion of publics, economically by businesses, environmentally as they share the same earth and politically by constant interactions between countries and effecting similar structures of ruling. Therefore, the mounting associations globally are the cause of an interconnected world. The fast rate of technological modification and the creation of intercontinental institutions are behind the creation of a universal market that at times clashes with nations need to maintain their relative advantage and competitive edge. Firms and government have experienced immense transformation in the areas like; the varying complexity of competition, effects of novel technology on cosmopolitan business and economic and societal concern emerging from the modification of culture as people embrace new technology. Globalization has various (Monahan, T, 2005) ways of materializing in society and all of them have an effect on the forms of political relations between countries. Many types of globalization exist; economic, military, cultural and political. Economic globalization refers to the interrelationship between different economies due to the rising scale of the rapid spread of technologies, transfer of resources and trade of commodities and services. Military globalization encompasses (Krishnan, A, 2008) technological advances regarding weapons. The main features of this form of globalization include establishing a broad and exhaustive military system, that's, encompasses how the military utilizes force to put a stop to violence. Political globalization involves new developments such as international alliance in institutions. Globalization has led to different dimensions to international politics and great system of state power that enable people resolve political contentions and communal issues arising from intercontinental relations. Cultural globalization results from the rise of technology and increase in information sharing. It has enhanced exchange of cultures which is feasible on the internet. Four types of relation exist among technology, that is, relation at human level that ranges from educational expertise to the dealings between administration and workforce to the community resulting from the effects of technology on the population. The next relationship is the company level involving the consequence of using technology in running businesses (Monahan, T, 2005). The third connection is the state level involving the interaction among the private and public sector on the use of technology and the ability of the country to expand . The last affiliation exists at the global level that includes the flow of information, trade frictions and collaboration characterized by technological progress, dissemination , competition and economic progress. Under a global outlook, the aim of technological advancement is world growth by realizing elevated growth per capita. Therefore, it is essential for countries to harness technology for growth; this has resulted in the concern on the need for professionals with expertise in global activities such as finance and marketing of firms. World growth is sustained by revival of manufacturing and hiring experts to facilitate industrialization, reception of international companies, industries denationalization and government involvement in technology. Technological discovery has become a worldwide effort is not specific to individuals or countries (Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Films Media Group, & Rai Trade, 2005). Therefore, influential parties behind transmission of novel technology are government, companies and national security. Technological advances in global economics have an impact on the evolution of production methods, types of products and labor market. Technology brings about change in the creation of virgin industries and refurbish existing sectors, while at the same time alters the plan of expansion globally (Krishnan, A, 2008). The ability of firms to operate in the global markets has enabled them to realize the importance of cooperation in the increasing scientific nature of technology where companies need a cross-disciplinary approach to solving problems. In conclusion, globalization is key towards materialization new organizations that will majorly depend on a network of technology alliances. Globalization will lead to accelerated economic development without dysfunctional effects, for example, intercontinental marketing for institutions, and establishment of subsidiaries that facilitate proper return on investment and remain competitive. Software and materials have led to a global setting for research regardless of the barriers. Positives Globalization has numerous advantages whereby through it, people are able to correspond internationally with different parties. Sharing of information has been enhanced through this since the cost is reduced and time taken has been reduced. Communication quality has increased with the use of mobile video services. Information has been instrumental to making excellent choices in areas such as well being and education, for example, production of medications (Monahan, T, 2005). The ease of the exchange of information creates awareness on types of human rights violation affecting different communities. It also rises the ease to document military operations or regime rights infringement. Globalization widens people's horizons, to information ,products of science, opportunities, individual and societal development and potential to slotting ideas for solutions to ordinary problems. Negatives There are some adverse consequences of increased technological advancement; globalization has led to the superiority of foreign goods in other countries that are not technologically advanced. Globalization has also resulted in the diffusion of distinct cultures of particular countries as a result of increased immigration, for example, with the increase immigration in France, mainly Muslims have forced France not to endorse globalization. Globalization (Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Films Media Group, & Rai Trade, 2005) leads to loss of national sovereignty and cultural imperialism. Globalization results in poverty within societies, a budding gap between industrialized and developing countries, poor living standards, compulsory migration and individual rights contravention, abuse of poor social groups, conflicts, insecurity, and racism. Environmental effects, for example, greenhouse effect, pollution and complete use of natural resources. As a result, there have been anti-globalization forces which are critical by inequalities of universal trade, ecological troubles and loss of state control. References 2Krishnan, A. (2008). War as business: Technological change and military service contracting. Aldershot, England: Ashgate Films for the Humanities & Sciences (Firm), Films Media Group., & Rai Trade (Firm). (2005). Technological change. New York, N.Y: Films Media Group. 3Monahan, T. (2005). Globalization, technological change, and public education. New York: Routledge.1Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 1 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 2 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 3 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 4 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 5 Running Head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES 6