1. Serena Willis will invest $31,800 today. She needs $159,000 in 19 years. What annual interest rate must she earn?

2. Chris Madison needs $353,100 in 10 years. How much must he invest at the end of each year, at 9% interest, to meet his needs?

3. Stacy Monroe wants to create a fund today that will enable her to withdraw $31,300 per year for 6 years, with the first withdrawal to take place 5 years from today. If the fund earns 11% interest, how much must Stacy invest today?