1-

Table 2.12. Data for Problem

Lung Cancer

Have Smoked Cases Controls

Yes 688 650

No 21 59

Total 709 709

comes from one of the first studies of the link between lung cancer

and smoking, by Richard Doll and A. Bradford Hill. In 20 hospitals in London,

UK, patients admitted with lung cancer in the previous year were queried

about their smoking behavior. For each patient admitted, researchers studied

the smoking behavior of a noncancer control patient at the same hospital of the

same sex and within the same 5-year grouping on age. A smoker was defined

as a person who had smoked at least one cigarette a day for at least a year.

a. Identify the response variable and the explanatory variable.

c. Can you use these data to compare smokers with nonsmokers in terms of

the proportion who suffered lung cancer? Why or why not?

d. Summarize the association, and explain how to interpret it.