1. The early Greeks and Romans used a mortar made from

a. lime and clay. b. volcanic waste and sand. c. portland cement and sand.

2. The addition of portland cement to mortar increases mortar's

a. strength. c. workability. b. plasticity. d. moisture resistance.

3. Quicklime may be defined as

a. lime that has undergone a chemical change caused by treating it with water. b. crushed limestone. c. the fine, white powder resulting from burning in a kiln.

4. After lime has been slaked with water, it is called

a. quicklime. b. hydrated lime. c. ground, burned lime.

5. The term bond strength refers to

a. compressive weight that the bond of mortar will tolerate before failing. b. tensile stress the bond of mortar will tolerate before failing. c. how well the mortar adheres to the masonry unit. d. the testing strength of the masonry unit.

6. Very high strength types of mortar have one drawback. After hardening, they tend to

a. expand. c. absorb moisture. b. shrink. d. form pits.

7. One of the biggest advantages a lime-based mortar has is its autogenous healing. Briefly, that means it has

a. the ability to resist excessive weight imposed on the mortar joint. b. the ability to withstand acids and alkalis from the atmosphere. c. the ability to reseal cracks in the joint by the process of recarbonation.

8. A good test used to check sand for foreign matter is the

a. sieve test. c. grading test. b. siltation test. d. meter test.

9. Dirt in sand tends to make mortar difficult to handle with a trowel. The phrase best describes the condition of the mortar is

a. sticky and gummy. b. gritty with a tendency to fall off the trowel. c. very liquid in form. d. rapidly setting and requiring excessive tempering.

10. Once mortar has been mixed, it should be used within

a. 1 hour. c. 3 hours. b. 2 hours. d. 4 hours.