1. The issue of resource utilization shows up in different forms in different types of operating systems. List what resources must be managed carefully in the following settings: (10%) a. Sever systems b. Chrome Book c. smartphone

2. Run ps with u option and show what is your current terminal type, the pid of ps command and parent pid of it. (10%)

3. Enter the following commands and report your observation. (10%) a. who and tty b. tput clear c. id d. ps e. echo $$

4. List five services provided by an operating system. Explain how each provides convenience to the users. Explain also in which cases it would be impossible for user-level programs to provide these services and how they are protected.(20%)

5) explain mechanisms that OS and hardware provides to ensure system resources and instructions are protected. (20%)

7) Describe the actions a kernel takes to context switch between processes. (10%)

8) if you have to improve the context switch by reducing the overhead, what will you do (hints: software or hardware solutions) (10 %)

9) issue top command on your unix/linux (e.g. sample screen below is just an example only) and interpret what are all column across for each process (10%)