1.

// This program takes two values from the user and then swaps them

// before printing the values. The user will be prompted to enter

// both numbers.

#include

using namespace std;

int main()

{

float firstNumber;

float secondNumber;

// Prompt user to enter the first number.

cout << "Enter the first number" << endl;

cout << "Then hit enter" << endl;

cin >> firstNumber;

// Prompt user to enter the second number.

cout << "Enter the second number" << endl;

cout << "Then hit enter" << endl;

cin >> secondNumber;

// Echo print the input.

cout << endl << "You input the numbers as " << firstNumber

<< " and " << secondNumber << endl;

// Now we will swap the values.

firstNumber = secondNumber;

secondNumber = firstNumber;

// Output the values.

cout << "After swapping, the values of the two numbers are "

<< firstNumber << " and " << secondNumber << endl;

return 0;

}

2.

// This is the first program that just writes out a simple message

#include // needed to perform C++ I/O

using namespace std;

int main()

{

cout << "Now is the time for all good men" << endl;

cout << "To come to the aid of their party" << endl;

return 0;

}

3.

// This program demonstrates a compile error.

#include

using namespace std;

int main()

{

int number;

float total;

cout << "Today is a great day for Lab"

cout << endl << "Let's start off by typing a number of your choice" << endl;

cin >> number;

total = number * 2;

cout << total << " is twice the number you typed" << endl;

return 0;

}

4.

// This program will take a number and divide it by 2.

#include

using namespace std;

int main()

{

float number;

int divider;

divider = 0;

cout << "Hi there" << endl;

cout << "Please input a number and then hit return" << endl;

cin >> number;

number = number / divider;

cout << "Half of your number is " << number << endl;

return 0;

}

5.

1. Both main memory and secondary storage are types of memory. Describe the differ-ence between the two.
2. What is the difference between system software and application software? 3. What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer's hardware? 4. Why must programs written in a high-level language be translated into machine lan-guage before they can be run?
3. 5. Why is it easier to write a program in a high-level language than in machine language? 6. Explain the difference between an object file and an executable file. 7. What is the difference between a syntax error and a logical error?
4. Fill-in-the-Blank 8. Computers can do many different jobs because they can be _________. 9. The job of the _________ is to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and produce some outcome or resultant information.
5. 10. Internally, the CPU consists of the _________ and the _________. 11. A(n) _________ is an example of a secondary storage device. 12. The two general categories of software are _________ and _________. 13. A program is a set of _________. 14. Since computers can't be programmed in natural human language, algorithms must be written in a(n) _________ language.
6. 15. _________ is the only language computers really process. 16. _________ languages are close to the level of humans in terms of readability. 17. _________ languages are close to the level of the computer. 18. A program's ability to run on several different types of computer systems is called _________.
7. 19. Words that have special meaning in a programming language are called _________. 20. Words or names defined by the programmer are called _________. 21. _________ are characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands. 22. __________ characters or symbols mark the beginning or end of programming state-ments, or separate items in a list.
8. 23. The rules that must be followed when constructing a program are called __________. 24. A(n) __________ is a named storage location. 25. A variable must be __________ before it can be used in a program. 26. The three primary activities of a program are __________, __________, and __________.
9. 27. __________ is information a program gathers from the outside world. 28. __________ is information a program sends to the outside world. 29. A(n) __________ is a diagram that graphically illustrates the structure of a program.

6.

// This program will output the circumference and area

// of the circle with a given radius.

#include

using namespace std;

const double PI = 3.14;

const double RADIUS = 5.4;

int main()

{

area // definition of area of circle

float circumference; // definition of circumference

circumference = 2 * PI * RADIUS; // computes circumference

area = ; // computes area

// Fill in the code for the cout statement that will output (with description)

// the circumference

// Fill in the code for the cout statement that will output (with description)

// the area of the circle

return 0;

}

7.

// This program will write the name, address and telephone

// number of the programmer.

#include

using namespace std;

int main()

{

// Fill in this space to write your first and last name

// Fill in this space to write your address (on new line)

// Fill in this space to write you city, state and zip (on new line)

// Fill in this space to write your telephone number (on new line)

return 0;

}

8.

// This program demonstrates the use of characters and strings

#include

#include

using namespace std;

// Definition of constants

const string FAVORITESODA = "Dr. Dolittle"; // use double quotes for strings

const char BESTRATING = 'A'; // use single quotes for characters

int main()

{

char rating; // 2nd highest product rating

string favoriteSnack; // most preferred snack

int numberOfPeople; // the number of people in the survey

int topChoiceTotal; // the number of people who prefer the top choice

// Fill in the code to do the following:

// Assign the value of "crackers" to favoriteSnack

// Assign a grade of 'B' to rating

// Assign the number 250 to the numberOfPeople

// Assign the number 148 to the topChoiceTotal

// Fill in the blanks of the following:

cout << "The preferred soda is " << << endl;

cout << "The preferred snack is " << << endl;

cout << "Out of " << << " people "

<< << " chose these items!" << endl;

cout << "Each of these products were given a rating of " << ;

cout << " from our expert tasters" << endl;

cout << "The other products were rated no higher than a " << rating

<< endl;

return 0;

}