1. Under what circumstances is a score that is 15 points above the mean an extreme score relatively far from the mean? a. When the population mean is much larger than 15 b. When the population standard deviation is much larger than 15 c. When the population mean is much smaller than 15 d. When the population standard deviation is much smaller than 15 2. By selecting a larger alpha level, a researcher is a. attempting to make it easier to reject Ho b. better able to detect a treatment effect c. increasing the risk of a Type I error d. All of the other options are the result of selecting a larger alpha level. 3. If a repeated-measures study shows a significant difference between two treatments with a = .01, then what can you conclude about measures of effect size? a. The value of Cohen's d is large. b. The percentage of variance explained (r) is large. c. Both Cohen's d and / are large. d. A significant effect does not necessarily mean that the effect size will be large. 4. The null hypothesis for a repeated-measures test states. This is an example of a null hypothesis for a. each individual will have a difference score of D = 0. b, the overall sample will have a mean difference of MD = 0. c. the entire population will have a mean difference of pD = 0. d. all of the other options are correct. 5. If other factors are held constant, the larger the difference between the two sample means, the greater the likelihood that the independent-measures t test will find a significant difference. a. True b. False