$1.$ We have steel blocks cast in $30$mmX$30$mmx$10$mm iron molds. The carbon rates in these steel blocks are $0\mathrm{.}76\%$ and $1\%$ respectively. $(30$ points$)$

A$.$ What technique would you use to determine the chemical analysis of these steels? Could you please write the operating rates of this system? How do you prepare the sample for this technique?

B$.$ Draw schematically the microstructures of these steels at $1540$C$,800$C and $25$C$?$

C$.$ The microstructures of these solidified steels are desired to be combined with optical microscope operation. In what steps do you prepare the sample to see the possible structures and grain sizes you specified? Should the distributions and other materials to be used be written down in detail?

$2.$ How can you tell whether the structures seen in a microstructure photographed under an optical microscope are phases expected as a result of solidification in the material or whether they arise from metallographic scanning examination or optical microscopy? $($Points: $20)$

$3.$ In a CuK$\backslash$alpha research industry as$)1\mathrm{.}20$x$10-3$ gr$/$cm$3,$ containing $80\%$ N$2$ and $20\%$ O$2$ by weight$).$ What is the decrease in the gap that will occur when the entire sample is poured after the beam coming out of the tubes is separated from the filter and air?

$4.$ a$)$ It should be obvious that the diagrams should be modified $($such as scan rate, temperature, lattice parameters$)$ and available both for XRD diagrams and for DTA$-$DSC diagrams.

b$)$ What properties of the material can be determined by thermal analysis methods?

$5.$ Discuss the extent of temperature change over the total length of interatomic bonds. Evaluate the presence of differences in the thermal analysis data.

$6.$ Compare the characterization obtained from analysis using monochromatic radiation and white beam. You need to familiarize yourself with the principles of use of each method in material analysis. You show how the lattice parameter is calculated under the conditions under which Bragg's law is valid.