1. What are the three pillars of sustainable development according to the 2005 World Summit of the United Nations? 2. Why has the focus on sustainability increased as the economies in large countries such as Brazil, China, and India have grown? 3. What are some of the primary challenges that the world faces in implementing social arrangements, such as cap-and-trade and emission taxes, to encourage supply chain sustainability? What are the essential requirements to implement mutual coercion? 4. What are some problems with firms reporting their sustainability performance based on metrics that do not consider their extended supply chain? 5. Study the CSR reports for a couple of firms, such as Whirlpool and IKEA. Identify actions across a few supply chain drivers that have improved sustainability. Which areas has the company found challenging to improve? 6. Discuss the various options available for the pricing of emissions. What are the dimensions that can be used to evaluate an emissions pricing mechanism? 7. The European Union emission trading scheme saw a lot of price volatility in Phase I. Many academics pointed out that much of the price volatility occurred because the program prevented the banking of allowances from the first phase to the second. Discuss why the banking of allowances over time may reduce price volatility in a cap- and-trade scheme.