1- what is exchange ratio?

2-what is the DCF analysis ?

3- what does Valuation of synergies mean ?

4-what are direct acquisition cost (how i can identify them)?List the components of the direct acquisition costs

NOTE: all these questions related to the merger of Shire and Baxlta , I've upload the S4 form of Shire you may need it to answer these question

I really appreciate your help

thank you `